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  • Invasive Amazon Sailfin Catfish Discovered in Karachi Sea Waters — A Growing Threat to Pakistan’s Aquatic Biodiversity

    Karachi, Pakistan — In a startling ecological development, an unusual fish species recently caught and brought into the Karachi Fish Harbour has been confirmed by experts as the Amazon sailfin catfish — a foreign and highly invasive aquatic species not native to Pakistan’s waters. This discovery has reignited concerns among environmentalists, fisheries scientists, and government authorities about the long-term health of the country’s marine and freshwater ecosystems.

    The specimen was first brought from a “dhand” — a shallow water pond — near the city of Sukkur on January 4, 2026, where local fishermen were unable to identify it, referring to it simply as an “alien” fish. Experts later verified the species as the Amazon sailfin catfish, which originates from the freshwater systems of Latin America and is widely traded globally as an aquarium fish.

    Invasive Amazon Sailfin Catfish Discovered in Karachi Sea Waters — A Growing Threat to Pakistan’s Aquatic Biodiversity

    Karachi, Pakistan — In a startling ecological development, an unusual fish species recently caught and brought into the Karachi Fish Harbour has been confirmed by experts as the Amazon sailfin catfish — a foreign and highly invasive aquatic species not native to Pakistan’s waters. This discovery has reignited concerns among environmentalists, fisheries scientists, and government authorities about the long-term health of the country’s marine and freshwater ecosystems.

    The specimen was first brought from a “dhand” — a shallow water pond — near the city of Sukkur on January 4, 2026, where local fishermen were unable to identify it, referring to it simply as an “alien” fish. Experts later verified the species as the Amazon sailfin catfish, which originates from the freshwater systems of Latin America and is widely traded globally as an aquarium fish.

    📈 What Is the Amazon Sailfin Catfish?

    The Amazon sailfin catfish (Pterygoplichthys spp.) is easily distinguished by its thick, armored body covered with bony plates and a large sail-like dorsal fin. While attractive to aquarium hobbyists for its hardiness, this fish is considered one of the most successful invasive species worldwide due to its adaptability, rapid reproduction, and aggressive colonization of new habitats.

    The invasion of aquatic ecosystems by such species can have serious consequences: they compete fiercely with native fish for food and habitat, can decimate indigenous populations, and disrupt the intricate balance of local ecosystems.

    📍 Where Was It Found?

    The catfish was caught near Sukkur, a key freshwater region in Sindh, before being transported to Karachi Fish Harbour — one of Pakistan’s most important hubs for marine trade and fisheries. Although discovered inland, experts now warn that this invasive species has already spread across freshwater bodies throughout Sindh and parts of Lower Punjab, making efforts to control or eradicate it extremely difficult.

    🐟 Why It’s a Problem

    The introduction of non-native fish species is not new to Pakistan. According to environmental assessments, at least 26 foreign fish species have been introduced into Pakistan’s waters — either accidentally through the aquarium trade or deliberately for aquaculture — and many have since become invasive.

    Some of the most common introduced species include:

    Brown trout and rainbow trout, introduced in 1928 in northern regions.

    Mozambique tilapia, common carp, goldfish, grass carp, introduced in later decades to boost fish production.

    Silver carp, bighead carp, Nile tilapia, blue tilapia, brought in during the 1980s.

    These species have become established in natural water bodies, and scientists say their long-term environmental impact was largely overlooked when they were first introduced.

    Invasive fish like the Amazon sailfin catfish can also:

    Prey on native fish species and compete for food.

    Spread diseases to indigenous aquatic life.

    Alter natural habitats by burrowing and feeding behaviors.

    Increase water turbidity and reduce water quality.

    Harm the livelihoods of local fishing communities dependent on native fish stocks.

    Economically, the impact could be significant. The fisheries sector is an important part of Pakistan’s rural economy, and decline in native stocks could translate into losses for fishermen and seafood exporters alike.

    🌍 Global Context of Invasive Fish

    Invasive aquatic species are not just a local issue — they are a global environmental challenge. Water bodies around the world suffer from the introduction of alien species, which often upset natural food chains and outcompete endemic populations.

    For example, in the United States, invasive carp species have disrupted the Great Lakes ecosystem, while in Australia, cane toads and mosquito fish have caused declines in native amphibian and fish species.

    In Pakistan, climate change, connectivity between water bodies, and unregulated aquarium and aquaculture trade are contributing factors that make effective containment difficult.

    📊 Facts & Figures

    Here are some important figures to understand the scale and scope of this issue:

    26 foreign fish species identified as invasive in Pakistan.

    First notable introductions (e.g., trout) took place as early as 1928.

    The Amazon sailfin catfish has now been reported across multiple provinces, including Sindh and Lower Punjab.

    🧠 What Experts Are Saying

    Environmental groups like WWF-Pakistan have raised the alarm, urging authorities to take immediate action. In a recent statement, WWF emphasized that without stronger regulation, foreign species will continue to infiltrate natural water bodies and weaken biodiversity. They recommended:

    Strengthening monitoring systems for exotic species.

    Establishing quarantine protocols for aquarium and aquaculture imports.

    Launching research programs to better understand the spread and impact of invasive species.

    🛡️ What Can Be Done?

    Stopping the spread of invasive aquatic species requires a multi-pronged approach:

    1. Regulation of Fish Trade: Government oversight of fish imports — particularly aquarium species — is essential.
    2. Quarantine Stations: Setting up dedicated quarantine facilities to prevent accidental release into open waters.
    3. Public Awareness: Educating aquarium hobbyists and fish farmers about the risks of releasing non-native species.
    4. Scientific Research: Funding studies to track and manage invasive species and their ecological impact.
    5. Restoration Projects: Initiatives to rehabilitate habitats and support native species populations.

    🐬 Conclusion

    The discovery of the Amazon sailfin catfish in Karachi and beyond is more than a local curiosity — it is a wake-up call about the fragility of Pakistan’s aquatic ecosystems. With biodiversity under threat and local fisheries at risk, immediate action is crucial to protect the natural heritage and economic stability linked to the country’s waters.

    By combining regulatory efforts, scientific research, and community engagement, Pakistan can work toward restoring the balance of its freshwater and marine environments and preventing further ecological damage from invasive species.

  • Why a Degree Alone Is No Longer Enough in Today’s Job Market

    In the past, earning a college or university degree was considered a guaranteed path to success. A degree symbolized knowledge, credibility, and a strong chance of landing a well-paying job. However, in 2026, this belief is rapidly changing. While higher education still holds value, a degree alone is no longer enough to secure long-term career growth or financial stability. Rapid technological advancement, changing employer expectations, and global competition have reshaped the job market in ways that demand far more than academic certificates.

    This article explains why a degree by itself is no longer sufficient, supported by facts, figures, and real-world trends, and highlights what truly matters for success today.

    1. Rapid Technological Change Has Redefined Skills

    One of the biggest reasons degrees are losing standalone value is the speed of technological change. According to the World Economic Forum, nearly 44% of workers’ skills will be disrupted by technology by 2027. Fields like artificial intelligence (AI), data analytics, cloud computing, and automation evolve faster than traditional university curricula.

    Most degree programs take four years to complete, while technology can change significantly within a single year. As a result, graduates often enter the job market with outdated technical knowledge. Employers now prioritize candidates who continuously update their skills through short courses, certifications, and hands-on projects rather than relying solely on what they learned in university.

    2. Employers Value Skills More Than Titles

    Modern employers are shifting toward a skills-based hiring approach. A 2024 LinkedIn Workplace Learning Report revealed that over 75% of recruiters focus more on practical skills than formal education when shortlisting candidates. This is especially true in industries such as IT, digital marketing, design, and freelancing.

    For example, a company hiring a digital marketer is more interested in proven results—such as managing ad campaigns, improving website traffic, or increasing conversions—than just a marketing degree. Similarly, software companies often test coding skills directly instead of relying on academic transcripts.

    Degrees show theoretical understanding, but skills demonstrate the ability to perform real tasks. In competitive markets, performance matters more than paper qualifications.

    3. Oversupply of Degree Holders Has Increased Competition

    Over the last two decades, access to higher education has expanded globally. According to UNESCO, the number of students enrolled in higher education worldwide crossed 235 million, compared to about 100 million in the early 2000s. While this is positive for education access, it has also created an oversupply of degree holders.

    When thousands of applicants hold similar degrees, employers need additional criteria to differentiate candidates. Internships, portfolios, freelance experience, communication skills, and problem-solving abilities often become deciding factors. A degree may get a resume noticed, but it rarely guarantees selection anymore.

    4. Practical Experience Matters More Than Theory

    Many graduates struggle because they lack practical experience. Academic programs often focus heavily on theory, exams, and grades, while real-world jobs require decision-making, teamwork, and adaptability.

    A survey by the National Association of Colleges and Employers (NACE) found that over 60% of employers prefer candidates with relevant work experience, even for entry-level roles. Internships, part-time jobs, remote work, and freelancing help bridge the gap between education and employment.

    In contrast, candidates with only a degree and no experience may require extensive training, which increases costs for employers. This makes experienced candidates more attractive, even if they do not hold advanced degrees.

    5. Soft Skills Are Now Critical for Career Growth

    Another major limitation of degrees is that they rarely develop soft skills effectively. Skills such as communication, leadership, emotional intelligence, adaptability, and teamwork are essential in modern workplaces.

    Research by Google’s Project Oxygen showed that top-performing employees excelled in soft skills more than technical expertise. Employees who can communicate clearly, manage time, handle feedback, and work in diverse teams are more likely to succeed and be promoted.

    Degrees may teach subject knowledge, but soft skills are usually developed through real-life interactions, workplace challenges, and continuous self-improvement.

    6. Rise of Freelancing and the Gig Economy

    The global job market has also shifted toward freelancing and remote work. According to Statista, the global freelance workforce is expected to exceed 1.5 billion people by 2030. In freelancing platforms, clients rarely ask for degrees. Instead, they look for portfolios, reviews, and proven results.

    For example, content writers, graphic designers, video editors, and virtual assistants are hired based on samples and performance. A degree may add credibility, but it does not replace skill mastery or client satisfaction.

    This trend shows that income opportunities are increasingly linked to what you can do, not what certificate you hold.

    7. Continuous Learning Is the New Standard

    In 2026, learning is no longer a one-time phase; it is a lifelong process. Short online courses, professional certifications, and self-learning platforms allow people to acquire in-demand skills quickly and affordably.

    Platforms offering courses in AI, SEO, cybersecurity, and data science often update content annually, unlike traditional degree programs. Professionals who commit to continuous learning stay relevant, while those relying only on past education risk becoming obsolete.

    8. Degrees Still Matter—But Not Alone

    It is important to clarify that degrees are not useless. They still provide foundational knowledge, discipline, and credibility, especially in fields like medicine, engineering, law, and education. However, their role has changed.

    Today, a degree works best when combined with:

    Practical skills
    Real-world experience
    Soft skills development
    Continuous learning
    Strong professional networking

    This combination creates a well-rounded professional profile that meets modern employer expectations.

    Conclusion

    In today’s fast-changing world, a degree alone is no longer enough to guarantee success. Technological disruption, skills-based hiring, increased competition, and the rise of freelancing have transformed how careers are built. Employers now seek adaptable individuals who can apply knowledge, solve problems, and keep learning.

    For students and professionals alike, the message is clear: education is just the starting point. True success comes from combining academic learning with practical skills, experience, and a mindset of continuous growth. Those who understand this shift will not only survive but thrive in the evolving job market of 2026 and beyond.

  • PM Laptop Scheme 2026: Online Registration, Eligibility Criteria, and Complete Application Guide

    The Prime Minister’s Laptop Scheme 2026 is one of Pakistan’s most anticipated student-focused initiatives, aimed at promoting digital literacy, academic research, and technology-driven learning. Since its launch under the Prime Minister’s Youth Program, the scheme has helped thousands of deserving students gain access to modern laptops, enabling them to compete in today’s digital economy.

    As Pakistan continues to invest in education and youth empowerment, the PM Laptop Scheme 2026 is expected to play a vital role in reducing the digital divide between students from different socioeconomic backgrounds. This article provides a complete, step-by-step guide covering online registration, eligibility requirements, benefits, expected timelines, and important facts related to the scheme.

    What Is the PM Laptop Scheme?

    The Prime Minister’s Laptop Scheme is a government-funded initiative designed to distribute laptops among talented and hardworking students enrolled in public sector educational institutions across Pakistan. The primary objective is to enhance students’ access to technology, support online learning, and encourage innovation, research, and freelancing skills.

    According to previous phases, over 500,000 laptops have been distributed since the program’s inception, benefiting students from universities, colleges, and technical institutes. The 2026 phase is expected to continue this legacy with improved transparency and a fully digital application process.

    Objectives of the PM Laptop Scheme 2026

    The government has outlined several key goals for the scheme:

    • Promote digital education and e-learning
    • Support students in research, coding, and freelancing
    • Reduce educational inequality among regions
    • Prepare youth for the global digital economy
    • Encourage innovation and entrepreneurship

    With Pakistan’s internet user base exceeding 125 million, access to digital tools like laptops has become essential for academic and professional success.

    Who Can Apply? (Eligibility Criteria)

    To ensure fairness and transparency, the PM Laptop Scheme 2026 follows specific eligibility guidelines. While final criteria are announced officially, previous schemes indicate the following requirements:

    Basic Eligibility Requirements

    • Must be a Pakistani national
    • Enrolled in a public sector university or college
    • Studying in Bachelor’s, Master’s, MPhil, PhD, or equivalent programs
    • Students from HEC-recognized institutions
    • Minimum academic performance as defined by the program

    Ineligible Candidates

    • Students enrolled in private institutions
    • Those who have already received a laptop under previous PM Laptop Schemes
    • Distance learning students (unless officially included)

    Special quotas are often reserved for students from remote areas, women, and minority groups to promote inclusive growth.

    How to Apply Online for PM Laptop Scheme 2026

    The application process is fully online, making it accessible and transparent for students across Pakistan.

    Step-by-Step Application Process

    1. Visit the official PM Youth Program portal
    2. Create an account using:
      • CNIC/B-Form
      • Email address
      • Active mobile number
    3. Fill in personal and academic details
    4. Select your institution and degree program
    5. Review and submit the application
    6. Track application status through the dashboard

    Students are advised to ensure that their academic records are accurate and verified, as applications are cross-checked with institutional data.

    Required Documents

    Applicants typically need the following:

    • CNIC or B-Form
    • Student ID card
    • University/college enrollment proof
    • Academic transcripts
    • Recent passport-size photograph

    All documents must be valid and clearly uploaded to avoid rejection.

    Laptop Specifications (Expected)

    Although final specifications for 2026 will be announced officially, previous distributions included laptops with:

    • Intel Core i5 or equivalent processor
    • 8GB RAM
    • 256GB SSD
    • Licensed operating system
    • Built-in Wi-Fi and webcam

    These specifications are suitable for online classes, research work, programming, graphic design, and freelancing platforms.

    Selection Process and Merit Criteria

    The selection process is merit-based and transparent. Merit lists are usually prepared using:

    • Academic performance
    • Discipline/degree level
    • Institutional quota
    • Provincial allocation

    Universities verify student data before final approval. Selected candidates are informed via SMS, email, and portal notifications.

    Distribution Method

    Once selected, laptops are distributed through:

    • University-level ceremonies
    • Official distribution centers
    • Verified student identity checks

    This ensures laptops reach the right students without misuse.

    Benefits of the PM Laptop Scheme

    The impact of the scheme goes beyond education:

    • Supports remote learning and hybrid education
    • Enables students to earn through freelancing platforms
    • Enhances research quality in universities
    • Improves digital skills among youth
    • Encourages innovation and startups

    According to industry estimates, Pakistan’s freelancing sector contributes over $400 million annually, and access to technology plays a crucial role in this growth.

    Important Tips for Applicants

    • Apply early to avoid technical issues
    • Use accurate academic information
    • Keep your mobile number active
    • Regularly check the official portal for updates
    • Avoid fake websites or social media rumors

    Always rely on official government sources for authentic information.

    Final Thoughts

    The PM Laptop Scheme 2026 represents a significant investment in Pakistan’s future by empowering students with essential digital tools. In an era where technology defines success, providing laptops to deserving students helps bridge educational gaps and prepares youth for modern challenges.

    Students are strongly encouraged to stay informed, meet eligibility criteria, and complete their applications carefully. With transparency, merit, and accessibility at its core, the scheme continues to be a symbol of opportunity for Pakistan’s young generation.

  • کمزور چوزہ جو سب کی جان بچا گیا — عقل کی طاقت کی سبق آموز کہانی

    ایک گاؤں کے کنارے، سبز گھاس اور نرم مٹی سے گھرے ایک چھوٹے سے صحن میں ایک محبت کرنے والی مرغی رہتی تھی۔ ایک دن اس مرغی نے چند انڈے دیے۔ کچھ دنوں بعد جب انڈے ٹوٹے تو ان میں سے ننھے ننھے چوزے نکل آئے۔

    سب چوزے تندرست، پھرتیلے اور خوش مزاج تھے، مگر ان میں ایک چوزہ ایسا بھی تھا جو کمزور اور نازک سا تھا۔ اس کی صحت اچھی نہیں تھی، وہ جلد تھک جاتا اور ذرا سی آہٹ پر گھبرا جاتا۔

    مرغی ماں جہاں بھی جاتی، اس کمزور چوزے پر خاص نظر رکھتی۔ وہ جانتی تھی کہ یہ بچہ دوسروں کی طرح طاقتور نہیں، اس لیے وہ اسے اپنے پروں کے قریب رکھتی، اس کے لیے نرم دانہ چنتی اور اسے ہمیشہ تسلی دیتی۔ باقی چوزے دوڑتے، کودتے، اونچی جگہوں پر چڑھتے اور مختلف کام آسانی سے کر لیتے تھے۔ وہ اکثر اس کمزور چوزے کا مذاق اڑاتے کہ وہ نہ تیز دوڑ سکتا ہے اور نہ ہی بھاری کام کر سکتا ہے۔

    وقت گزرتا گیا۔ کمزور چوزہ جسمانی طور پر تو طاقتور نہ بن سکا، مگر اس کی آنکھوں میں ایک الگ چمک تھی۔ وہ غور سے چیزوں کو دیکھتا، سنتا اور سوچتا رہتا۔ جہاں باقی چوزے صرف کھیل کود میں لگے رہتے، وہ اردگرد کے حالات کو سمجھنے کی کوشش کرتا۔

    ایک دن ایسا ہوا کہ سب چوزے اپنی ماں کے ساتھ کھلے میدان میں دانہ چگ رہے تھے کہ اچانک ایک خطرہ سامنے آ گیا۔ ایک شکاری جانور ان کی طرف بڑھ رہا تھا۔ طاقتور چوزے گھبرا گئے، کوئی اِدھر بھاگا، کوئی اُدھر۔ ان کی طاقت اس لمحے کسی کام نہ آ سکی۔

    اسی لمحے وہ کمزور مگر حساس چوزہ آگے بڑھا۔ اس نے جلدی سے سوچا اور ایک ترکیب نکالی۔ اس نے زور زور سے آوازیں نکالیں اور باقی چوزوں کو ایک خاص سمت میں لے جانے کا اشارہ کیا، جہاں جھاڑیاں گھنی تھیں اور ایک تنگ راستہ تھا۔ اس کی سمجھداری سے سب چوزے اس راستے سے نکل گئے، اور شکاری الجھن میں پڑ کر واپس چلا گیا۔

    سب کی جان بچ گئی۔ اب وہی چوزے جو پہلے مذاق اڑاتے تھے، خاموش کھڑے تھے۔ انہیں سمجھ آ گیا تھا کہ طاقت صرف جسم میں نہیں ہوتی، اصل طاقت عقل اور سمجھ میں ہوتی ہے۔ مرغی ماں نے اپنے اس حساس بچے کو محبت سے اپنے پروں میں لے لیا، اور باقی چوزوں نے پہلی بار دل سے اس کا احترام کیا۔

    اس دن کے بعد سب نے یہ سبق سیکھ لیا کہ ذہنی طاقت، جسمانی طاقت سے کہیں زیادہ قیمتی ہوتی ہے، اور جو کمزور نظر آتا ہے، وہ بھی وقت آنے پر سب سے مضبوط ثابت ہو سکتا ہے۔

  • How to Earn Money Online in Pakistan Using AI Tools (Beginner to Pro Guide)

    Introduction

    With rising inflation and limited job opportunities, earning money online in Pakistan has become a practical solution. Artificial Intelligence (AI) now allows students, housewives, and beginners to earn online without advanced technical skills.

    1. Content Writing with AI

    AI writing tools help beginners create:

    • Blog posts
    • Product descriptions
    • SEO articles
    • YouTube scripts

    How to Start

    1. Learn basic English grammar
    2. Use AI tools to generate drafts
    3. Edit content manually
    4. Offer services on freelancing platforms

    Estimated Earnings:
    PKR 50,000 – 150,000 per month

    2. Freelancing with AI Assistance

    Freelancing is one of the most reliable online earning methods in Pakistan. AI tools help with:

    • Graphic design ideas
    • Code generation
    • Email writing
    • Client proposals

    Popular Skills

    • Graphic Design
    • Web Development
    • SEO Services
    • Social Media Management

    3. YouTube Automation Using AI

    You can run YouTube channels without showing your face or using your own voice.

    AI Helps With

    • Script writing
    • Voiceovers
    • Video ideas
    • Thumbnail text

    Popular Niches

    • Islamic content
    • Motivational stories
    • Technology
    • Educational facts

    Income Sources:
    YouTube AdSense and sponsorships

    4. AI Graphic Design Services

    AI design tools allow beginners to create:

    • Logos
    • Posters
    • Social media posts
    • Business cards

    Where to Sell

    • Freelancing platforms
    • Local Facebook groups
    • WhatsApp business clients

    5. Blogging with AI (Best for Google AdSense)

    Blogging is one of the most AdSense-friendly long-term income sources.

    Why AI Blogging Works

    • Faster content creation
    • SEO optimization
    • Easy topic research

    Best Niches

    • Online earning
    • Education
    • Technology
    • Informational health content

    Estimated Earnings:
    $5 – $50 per day after consistent traffic

    Is AI-Based Online Earning Legal in Pakistan?

    Yes, AI-based earning is legal if:

    • Content is original
    • No plagiarism is involved
    • Platform policies are followed

    Note: Google AdSense SEO Guidelines

    • Write articles over 1,000 words
    • Use proper heading structure (H1, H2, H3)
    • Avoid copied or misleading content
    • Add internal links
    • Optimize images with ALT text
    • Avoid false income promises

  • چراغ، جن اور سبق آموز کہانی – غریبوں کی اصل مدد کیا ہے؟

    ایک خاموش سی دوپہر تھی۔ لاہور کی ایک پرانی گلی میں رہنے والا بارہ سالہ لڑکا علی کباڑ کے ڈھیر کے پاس کھیل رہا تھا۔ گرد آلود ٹن کے ڈبوں، ٹوٹے کھلونوں اور زنگ آلود لوہے کے درمیان اسے ایک عجیب سا پرانا چراغ ملا۔ چراغ عام چراغوں جیسا نہیں تھا؛ اس پر باریک نقش و نگار تھے، جیسے کسی نے برسوں پہلے بڑی محبت سے بنائے ہوں۔ علی نے تجسس میں آکر چراغ کو صاف کیا۔

    اچانک ہوا میں ایک لرزش سی ہوئی، دھواں اٹھا، اور اس دھوئیں میں سے ایک نورانی سی مگر رعب دار آواز ابھری۔
    “میں جن ہوں۔ صدیوں بعد کسی نے مجھے آزاد کیا ہے۔ تم تین خواہشیں مانگ سکتے ہو۔”

    علی گھبرا گیا، مگر اس کے دل میں خوف سے زیادہ رحم تھا۔ اس نے جن کی آنکھوں میں دیکھا—وہ آنکھیں طاقتور تھیں، مگر خالی نہیں۔ علی نے لمحہ بھر سوچا اور کہا:

    “میری پہلی خواہش یہ ہے کہ پاکستان کی سڑکوں پر جو غریب بھوکے ہیں، انہیں آج پیٹ بھر کر کھانا ملے۔”

    جن نے ہاتھ بلند کیا۔ آسمان سے خوشبو اترنے لگی۔ دیکھتے ہی دیکھتے ہر چوک، ہر فٹ پاتھ پر دیگچیاں ظاہر ہو گئیں۔ گرم گرم بریانی، رائتہ، سلاد—ایسی خوشبو کہ لوگ حیران رہ گئے۔ بچے، بوڑھے، عورتیں—سب نے سیر ہو کر کھایا۔ کئی آنکھوں میں آنسو تھے، کئی دعائیں زبان پر۔

    علی مسکرایا۔ اس کے دل کو سکون ملا۔

    اس نے دوسری خواہش کہی:
    “انہیں پیسے بھی دے دو، تاکہ وہ اپنی ضرورتیں پوری کر سکیں۔”

    جن نے پھر ہاتھ ہلایا۔ نوٹوں کی گڈیاں نمودار ہوئیں۔ لوگ لپکے، خوشی سے چیخے، کچھ نے سجدہ کیا۔ وہ دن شہر میں تہوار کی طرح گزرا۔

    علی نے تیسری اور آخری خواہش کرتے ہوئے کہا:
    “انہیں مزید پیسے دے دو، تاکہ یہ ہمیشہ کے لیے محفوظ ہو جائیں۔”

    جن خاموش رہا۔ اس نے خواہش پوری تو کر دی، مگر اس کی آنکھوں میں ایک عجیب سی سنجیدگی آ گئی۔

    چند دن گزرے۔ علی خوشی خوشی انہی سڑکوں پر گیا، مگر جو اس نے دیکھا، اس کا دل ڈوب گیا۔ وہی چہرے، وہی ہاتھ پھیلائے ہوئے، وہی فٹ پاتھ۔ کچھ لوگ جو کل پیسے سے بھرے تھے، آج پھر خالی تھے۔ کسی نے پیسہ عیش میں اڑا دیا، کسی نے نشے میں، کسی سے چھن گیا۔ کئی تو ایسے تھے جو برسوں سے بھیک مانگنا ہی اپنا پیشہ بنا چکے تھے۔ ان کے پاس کوئی ہنر نہیں تھا، کوئی ذریعہ نہیں تھا کہ وہ خود کما سکیں۔

    علی نے جن کو پکارا۔
    “یہ کیسے ہو سکتا ہے؟ میں نے تو اتنی مدد کی!”

    جن نے آہ بھری اور کہا:
    “بیٹے، تمہارا دل بہت نیک ہے، مگر صرف پیسہ مسئلے کا حل نہیں۔ جب انسان کے پاس ہنر، تعلیم اور کام کا راستہ نہ ہو، تو دولت بھی ریت کی طرح ہاتھ سے پھسل جاتی ہے۔ کچھ لوگ مجبوری سے مانگتے ہیں، اور کچھ عادت سے۔ تم نے پیٹ بھرا، تم نے پیسہ دیا، مگر تم نے راستہ نہیں دیا۔”

    علی کی آنکھوں میں آنسو آ گئے۔
    “تو پھر اصل مدد کیا ہے؟”

    جن نے نرمی سے کہا:
    “اصل مدد یہ ہے کہ انسان کو وہ ذریعہ دیا جائے جس سے وہ خود کما سکے۔ ہنر سکھاؤ، روزگار دو، تعلیم کا دروازہ کھولو۔ مچھلی دینے سے بہتر ہے مچھلی پکڑنا سکھانا۔”

    چراغ مدھم پڑ گیا۔ جن رخصت ہو گیا، مگر اس کی بات علی کے دل میں نقش ہو گئی۔

    وقت گزرا۔ علی بڑا ہوا۔ اس نے اسکول کے ساتھ ساتھ چھوٹے ہنر سیکھے، پھر ایک ایسا مرکز قائم کیا جہاں سڑکوں پر رہنے والوں کو کام سکھایا جاتا—کسی کو دستکاری، کسی کو رکشہ چلانا، کسی کو سلائی، کسی کو چھوٹی دکان چلانا۔ آہستہ آہستہ وہی ہاتھ جو بھیک مانگتے تھے، کام کرنے لگے۔

    علی اکثر سوچتا:
    “مدد وہ نہیں جو لمحاتی خوشی دے، مدد وہ ہے جو زندگی بدل دے۔ اگر تم واقعی کسی کی مدد کرنا چاہتے ہو تو اسے پیسہ نہیں، راستہ دو۔”

    اور یہی سبق اس کی زندگی کی سب سے بڑی خواہش بن گیا۔

  • Effects of Screen Time on Children and Adults: Health, Behavior, and Lifestyle Impact

    In the modern digital era, screen time has become an unavoidable part of everyday life. From online education and remote work to entertainment and social interaction, screens play a vital role in how people learn, earn, and relax. However, the growing dependence on digital devices has raised serious concerns about their impact on physical health, mental well-being, and social behavior — particularly among children and adults.

    This article explores the positive and negative effects of screen time, supported by facts and figures, and offers practical tips to maintain a healthy balance in daily life.

    What Is Screen Time?

    Screen time refers to the amount of time a person spends using devices with screens, such as smartphones, tablets, computers, televisions, and gaming consoles. Screen use can be divided into two main categories:

    • Productive screen time (education, work, learning tools)
    • Recreational screen time (social media, gaming, videos, streaming)

    The impact of screen time largely depends on duration, content quality, and usage habits.

    Rising Screen Time Statistics

    Recent global trends show a sharp rise in daily screen exposure:

    • Children aged 8–12 years spend an average of 5–6 hours per day on screens
    • Teenagers often exceed 8 hours daily, mainly on mobile phones
    • Adults spend approximately 7–9 hours per day, including work and leisure
    • Older adults average 4–5 hours, mostly watching TV or browsing online

    These figures highlight how digital screens have become deeply integrated into modern lifestyles.

    Effects of Screen Time on Children

    1. Impact on Brain Development

    Excessive screen exposure in early childhood can interfere with natural brain development. Young children learn best through real-life interaction, physical play, and communication. Prolonged screen use may lead to:

    • Delayed speech and language skills
    • Reduced attention span
    • Difficulty focusing in academic settings

    Health experts recommend limited and supervised screen use for children to support healthy cognitive growth.

    2. Physical Health Concerns

    High screen time often replaces physical activity, leading to several health issues:

    • Increased risk of childhood obesity
    • Poor posture and musculoskeletal problems
    • Eye strain and early vision issues, including nearsightedness
    • Reduced outdoor activity affecting overall fitness

    Children who spend more time on screens are significantly less active than those with restricted screen exposure.

    3. Mental and Emotional Well-Being

    Uncontrolled screen usage — especially social media and gaming — has been linked to:

    • Anxiety and mood changes
    • Behavioral problems
    • Reduced emotional regulation
    • Increased irritability and restlessness

    Children exposed to excessive screen content may also struggle with social skills and emotional expression.

    Screen Time Effects on Teenagers

    Teenagers are among the highest screen users, making them particularly vulnerable. Studies show that excessive screen use can result in:

    • Sleep deprivation due to late-night screen exposure
    • Increased stress and academic pressure
    • Low self-esteem linked to social media comparison
    • Higher risk of depression and social isolation

    Limiting nighttime screen use plays a crucial role in improving teenage mental health.

    Effects of Screen Time on Adults

    1. Physical Health Issues

    Adults who spend long hours in front of screens — especially for work — often experience:

    • Digital eye strain (dry eyes, headaches, blurred vision)
    • Neck, shoulder, and back pain
    • Weight gain due to prolonged sitting
    • Increased risk of heart disease and diabetes from a sedentary lifestyle

    Poor posture and lack of movement further amplify these risks.

    2. Sleep Disruption

    Exposure to blue light from screens, particularly before bedtime, suppresses melatonin production. This leads to:

    • Difficulty falling asleep
    • Poor sleep quality
    • Daytime fatigue and reduced productivity

    Reducing screen use at least one hour before sleep can significantly improve sleep patterns.

    3. Mental Health Impact

    Excessive screen time, especially on social media, is associated with:

    • Increased anxiety and stress
    • Reduced concentration and work efficiency
    • Feelings of loneliness and digital burnout
    • Overstimulation and constant mental fatigue

    Adults who practice mindful screen use often report improved emotional balance and focus.

    Are Screens Always Harmful?

    Not all screen time is bad. When used responsibly, screens offer several benefits:

    • Online education and skill development
    • Professional growth and remote work opportunities
    • Staying connected with family and friends
    • Access to information, health awareness, and learning tools

    The key is quality over quantity.

    Healthy Screen Time Guidelines

    For Children

    • Avoid screen exposure for children under 2 years, except video calls
    • Limit screen use to 1 hour per day for ages 2–5
    • Encourage outdoor play and physical activity
    • Keep screens out of bedrooms
    • Monitor content quality and timing

    For Adults

    • Follow the 20-20-20 rule to reduce eye strain
    • Take short movement breaks every hour
    • Set daily screen time limits for non-work usage
    • Avoid screens before bedtime
    • Maintain correct posture and ergonomics

    Tips to Reduce Excessive Screen Time

    • Create screen-free zones at home
    • Schedule regular digital detox periods
    • Replace screen time with physical or creative activities
    • Use built-in device tools to monitor usage
    • Practice mindful scrolling and content selection

    Conclusion

    Screen time is an essential part of modern life, but excessive and unregulated use can negatively affect physical health, mental well-being, and social development in both children and adults. From developmental delays in children to sleep disturbances and stress in adults, the consequences are real — but manageable.

    By setting healthy boundaries, prioritizing quality content, and maintaining a balanced lifestyle, individuals and families can enjoy the benefits of technology without compromising overall well-being. Moderation, awareness, and consistency are the keys to building a healthier digital future.

  • Mental Health Awareness in Pakistan: Reality vs Myths

    Introduction

    Mental health is an essential part of overall health, yet it remains one of the most misunderstood topics in Pakistan. While awareness has improved in recent years, mental health issues are still surrounded by myths, stigma, and social silence. Many people hesitate to talk about stress, anxiety, or emotional struggles due to fear of judgment. This article explores the reality of mental health in Pakistan, clears common myths, and explains why awareness is crucial for individuals, families, and society as a whole.

    The Current Reality of Mental Health in Pakistan

    Growing Mental Health Challenges

    Pakistan is facing a silent mental health crisis. Rapid population growth, economic pressure, unemployment, academic stress, social expectations, and exposure to natural disasters have significantly affected emotional well-being. Studies suggest that a large portion of the population experiences mental health challenges such as stress, anxiety, and depression at some stage of life.

    Urban life brings work pressure and financial stress, while rural communities struggle with poverty and lack of healthcare access. Women, youth, and low-income families are particularly vulnerable due to social and economic pressures.

    Limited Mental Health Facilities

    One of the biggest challenges in Pakistan is the shortage of mental health professionals and facilities. The number of trained psychiatrists and psychologists is very low compared to the population size. Mental health services are mostly concentrated in major cities, leaving rural and remote areas underserved.

    Mental health receives very limited funding in the healthcare system, which results in overcrowded hospitals and long waiting times. Many people are unable to seek professional help even when they recognize the need.

    Social Stigma and Silence

    Despite the growing number of affected individuals, mental health issues are often hidden. Many people fear being labeled as “weak” or “unstable.” Families may discourage seeking professional help, believing it could harm social reputation or future prospects such as marriage or employment.

    This silence often leads to delayed treatment, worsening symptoms, and emotional isolation.

    Common Mental Health Myths vs Facts

    Myth 1: Mental illness means a person is weak

    Reality:
    Mental health conditions are not a sign of weakness. They are health issues influenced by biological, psychological, and environmental factors. Just like physical illnesses, mental health challenges can affect anyone, regardless of strength, intelligence, or faith.

    Myth 2: Mental health problems are rare

    Reality:
    Mental health issues are far more common than people think. Stress, anxiety, and emotional exhaustion are experienced by millions across different age groups. Many cases go unreported due to stigma, making the problem appear smaller than it actually is.

    Myth 3: Only adults face mental health problems

    Reality:
    Children and teenagers also experience mental health challenges. Academic pressure, social media influence, bullying, and family expectations can affect young minds. Ignoring emotional struggles in childhood can lead to long-term issues in adulthood.

    Myth 4: Religious faith alone can solve mental health issues

    Reality:
    Faith and spirituality can provide comfort and emotional strength, but they do not replace professional mental health care. Just as physical illnesses require medical attention, psychological conditions often need counseling or therapy along with personal coping strategies.

    Myth 5: Talking about mental health makes things worse

    Reality:
    Open and respectful conversation actually helps. Talking about feelings reduces emotional burden and encourages people to seek help early. Silence and denial often increase stress and isolation.

    Why Mental Health Awareness Is Important

    1. Encourages Early Help

    Awareness helps people recognize early signs of emotional distress, allowing timely support before problems become severe. Early care improves recovery and overall quality of life.

    2. Reduces Stigma

    Education challenges false beliefs and promotes empathy. When society understands mental health better, people feel safer asking for help without fear of judgment.

    3. Strengthens Families and Communities

    Mental health awareness helps families support each other emotionally. Healthy individuals contribute positively to workplaces, schools, and communities.

    4. Improves Productivity and Well-Being

    Good mental health supports better focus, decision-making, and emotional balance. This benefits not only individuals but also the national economy through improved productivity.

    Steps Needed to Improve Mental Health Awareness in Pakistan

    1. Public Education Campaigns

    Awareness programs through television, social media, and community platforms can help normalize mental health discussions in local languages.

    2. Mental Health in Schools and Colleges

    Educational institutions should include mental well-being programs that teach students stress management, emotional resilience, and healthy coping skills.

    3. Workplace Mental Health Support

    Organizations can support employees by promoting work-life balance, stress management training, and access to counseling services.

    4. Improved Healthcare Access

    Expanding mental health services at basic healthcare centers can make support accessible to people in remote and underserved areas.

    5. Role of Media and Influencers

    Responsible reporting and positive storytelling can reshape public perception and encourage healthy discussions around mental health.

    Conclusion

    Mental health awareness in Pakistan is no longer a choice — it is a necessity. The reality is that millions of people struggle silently while myths and stigma continue to block access to help. By replacing misconceptions with facts, encouraging open dialogue, and strengthening mental health services, Pakistan can move toward a healthier and more compassionate society.

    Mental well-being is not a luxury. It is a basic human need that deserves understanding, respect, and support at every level of society.

  • PTA Supports Reduction in Taxes on Imported Mobile Phones in Pakistan – What to Expect in 2026

    In a positive sign for mobile phone users across Pakistan, the Pakistan Telecommunication Authority (PTA) has shown support for reducing the heavy taxes imposed on mobile phones imported from abroad. This development has sparked hope among consumers, overseas Pakistanis, and technology experts who believe that smartphones should be affordable and easily accessible in today’s digital age.

    With rising inflation and increasing reliance on digital services, the high cost of mobile phones has become a major concern. The PTA’s recommendation to review and potentially reduce these taxes could bring much-needed relief in 2026, especially for middle- and lower-income groups.

    Why Mobile Phone Taxes Are a Major Issue in Pakistan

    Over the past few years, the price of smartphones in Pakistan has increased sharply. One of the main reasons behind this rise is the complex and high tax structure applied to mobile phones brought from abroad. These taxes include customs duty, regulatory duty, mobile levy, sales tax, and withholding tax.

    As a result, a phone purchased overseas often becomes significantly more expensive after PTA registration. In many cases, the total tax can reach 30% to 60% of the phone’s original price, making legal registration difficult for ordinary users.

    Smartphones are no longer luxury items. They are essential tools for:

    • Online education
    • Freelancing and remote work
    • Digital banking and payments
    • Communication and e-commerce

    High taxes restrict access to these essential services, particularly for students and young professionals.

    PTA’s Position on Tax Reduction

    Although the PTA does not directly collect taxes, it plays a key advisory role in shaping telecom policies. According to recent discussions, the authority has supported the idea of reducing excessive taxes on imported mobile phones and has conveyed its concerns to relevant government departments.

    The PTA’s stance is based on several important factors:

    1. Promoting Digital Inclusion

    Lower taxes would allow more people to own smartphones, helping Pakistan move closer to its digital transformation goals. Affordable devices can increase internet usage, online learning, and participation in the digital economy.

    2. Reducing Illegal Phone Usage

    High taxes encourage the use of unregistered or illegally imported phones. These devices pose risks to network security and reduce government revenue. Reasonable tax rates can motivate users to register phones legally.

    3. Relief for Overseas Pakistanis

    Many overseas Pakistanis face difficulties when bringing phones for personal use. A simplified and affordable tax system would ease this burden and improve their experience when returning home.

    Current Mobile Phone Tax Structure (Overview)

    At present, mobile phone taxes in Pakistan are calculated based on the phone’s value. Higher-priced phones attract significantly higher taxes, especially premium models.

    Key tax components include:

    • Mobile levy (fixed amount)
    • Regulatory duty
    • Sales tax (up to 18–25%)
    • Withholding tax

    This structure often leads to confusion among consumers and discourages legal imports.

    Expected Impact if Taxes Are Reduced in 2026

    If the government approves PTA’s recommendation, several positive outcomes are expected:

    1. Lower Mobile Phone Prices

    A reduction in taxes would directly lower the retail prices of smartphones. This could make mid-range and high-end phones more accessible to Pakistani consumers.

    2. Boost to Legal Market

    Lower taxes would encourage legal imports, benefiting authorized dealers and increasing transparency in the market.

    3. Increased Government Revenue in the Long Term

    Although taxes may be reduced, higher compliance and increased sales volume could help compensate for revenue loss.

    4. Growth of Digital Economy

    Affordable smartphones would support freelancing, online businesses, and digital services, contributing to economic growth.

    Public and Industry Reaction

    The public response to this development has largely been positive. Consumers have long demanded a review of mobile phone taxes, especially as prices continue to rise globally.

    Industry experts believe that balanced taxation, rather than excessive duties, is the key to sustainable growth. Many analysts argue that making smartphones affordable is essential for improving digital literacy and reducing the technology gap in Pakistan.

    Government’s Role and Policy Outlook

    It is important to note that final decisions regarding tax reductions rest with the federal government, particularly the Ministry of Finance and the Federal Board of Revenue (FBR). The PTA’s support does not automatically mean immediate implementation, but it is a strong step toward policy reform.

    Any changes are likely to be discussed during upcoming budget sessions or economic policy reviews for 2026. If approved, the revised tax structure may be implemented gradually.

    Things Consumers Should Keep in Mind

    Until any official announcement is made:

    • Existing PTA tax rules remain in effect
    • Consumers should avoid relying on unverified social media claims
    • Always check official PTA and government notifications

    Staying informed through reliable sources can help users avoid misinformation.

    Conclusion

    The PTA’s support for reducing taxes on imported mobile phones is a promising development for Pakistan’s technology landscape. With smartphones playing a vital role in education, work, and communication, making them affordable is no longer optional — it is necessary.

    If implemented wisely, tax reductions in 2026 could benefit consumers, strengthen the legal mobile market, and support Pakistan’s digital future. While challenges remain, this initiative represents a step in the right direction toward a more connected and inclusive society.

  • Tragic Incident at a Private University in Lahore: Facts, Context, and the Bigger Questions

    Introduction

    A tragic incident reported at a private university in Lahore has recently drawn widespread attention across social media and news platforms in Pakistan. According to circulating reports, a 21-year-old female student allegedly fell from a university building, resulting in her death. The incident has sparked serious discussions about student safety, mental health awareness, campus security, and the responsible sharing of information online.

    While investigations are still ongoing, this unfortunate event highlights broader systemic issues that educational institutions, families, and policymakers must address collectively. This article presents a fact-based overview of the incident, relevant statistics, and the larger concerns surrounding student welfare in Pakistan—without speculation or unverified claims.

    What Has Been Reported So Far

    Initial reports suggest that the incident took place within the premises of a well-known private university in Lahore. The victim was reportedly enrolled in a health sciences-related program and was in her early twenties. Emergency services were called immediately, but she could not be saved.

    Authorities have stated that the matter is under investigation, and all possible angles are being examined. Law enforcement officials have emphasized that conclusions should not be drawn prematurely until the investigation is complete. University management has also issued a statement expressing condolences and cooperation with relevant authorities.

    At this stage, no final cause has been officially confirmed, and responsible reporting requires avoiding assumptions or blame.

    The Role of Investigations and Due Process

    In Pakistan, incidents occurring on educational campuses fall under standard legal and investigative procedures. According to Punjab Police data, all unnatural deaths are subject to forensic review, witness statements, and post-incident analysis before any conclusion is reached.

    This process is critical to ensure:

    • Transparency
    • Accountability
    • Protection of individual and institutional reputations
    • Justice for affected families

    Premature conclusions circulated on social media can compromise investigations and create unnecessary panic.

    Student Safety in Pakistani Universities: Current Landscape

    Pakistan has over 250 public and private universities, with more than 2 million students enrolled nationwide, according to the Higher Education Commission (HEC). With increasing enrollment, campus safety has become a growing concern.

    Key Safety Challenges Include:

    • Limited mental health counseling services
    • Inadequate monitoring of high-risk campus areas
    • Academic and social pressure on students
    • Lack of awareness about crisis support systems

    A 2023 survey by a local education research group indicated that nearly 60% of university students experience moderate to high levels of stress, while less than 15% have access to on-campus psychological counseling.

    Mental Health Awareness: An Overlooked Priority

    Mental health remains a sensitive and often neglected topic in Pakistan. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), one in four people in Pakistan may experience a mental health issue at some point in their lives, yet resources remain limited.

    Among students, factors such as:

    • Academic pressure
    • Family expectations
    • Financial stress
    • Social challenges

    can significantly impact emotional well-being.

    Universities are increasingly being urged to establish:

    • Student counseling centers
    • Confidential helplines
    • Mental health awareness programs
    • Training for faculty to identify early warning signs

    Social Media, Misinformation, and Responsibility

    One of the most concerning aspects following such incidents is the rapid spread of unverified information on platforms like TikTok, Facebook, and X (formerly Twitter). Edited clips, emotional commentary, and speculative narratives often go viral within hours.

    While freedom of expression is important, responsible digital behavior is equally critical. Spreading unconfirmed claims can:

    • Harm families emotionally
    • Damage institutional credibility
    • Interfere with legal proceedings

    Media literacy and ethical reporting standards are essential, especially in sensitive cases involving loss of life.

    University Responsibility and Preventive Measures

    Educational institutions play a vital role in ensuring a safe and supportive environment. Best practices followed globally include:

    • Controlled access to high-rise buildings
    • CCTV monitoring in common areas
    • Regular safety audits
    • Emergency response training
    • Anonymous reporting systems for students

    Some universities in Pakistan have already begun implementing such measures, but experts argue that uniform safety standards should be enforced nationwide under HEC guidelines.

    The Need for Policy-Level Reforms

    This incident once again brings attention to the need for:

    • National student mental health policy
    • Mandatory counseling services in universities
    • Collaboration between education and health departments
    • Increased funding for student welfare programs

    Countries with strong campus mental health frameworks have reported 30–40% reductions in crisis-related incidents, according to international education studies.

    A Call for Empathy and Awareness

    Beyond investigations and policies, moments like these require collective empathy. Families, students, and communities are deeply affected by such tragedies. Respect, patience, and compassion should guide public discourse.

    Educational institutions are not just places of academic learning—they are environments where young adults shape their futures. Protecting their physical and emotional well-being must remain a top priority.

    Conclusion

    The tragic incident at a Lahore university serves as a sobering reminder of the challenges faced by students and educational institutions in Pakistan today. While investigations continue, it is essential to focus on facts, avoid speculation, and address the broader issues of student safety and mental health.

    By promoting responsible reporting, strengthening campus support systems, and prioritizing mental well-being, Pakistan can move toward a safer and more supportive educational environment for future generations.